Nearly 17% of people testing positive for fentanyl also test positive for xylazine, a veterinary sedative with no approved use in humans, according to a national study of urine drug tests. The number is climbing, especially in parts of the country where xylazine barely showed up just two years ago.

The Opioid Crisis in Wastewater

Researchers analyzed 42,307 urine drug tests collected from patients in primary care, behavioral health, and substance use treatment settings between March 2023 and September 2025. All tested positive for fentanyl. Of those, 7,156 samples, or 16.91%, also tested positive for xylazine.

The trend lines tell the real story. In the Eastern United States, where xylazine has circulated for years, positivity climbed from 11.11% to 19.63% over the study period. The numbers peaked at 42.31% of samples in a single month. 

In the West, where xylazine essentially had no presence at the start of the study, positivity rose from 0% to 13.46%. It’s a sign that the drug has actively spread into markets that hadn’t seen it before.

Testing also found that people whose samples tested positive for heroin were more than twice as likely to also test positive for xylazine. Higher fentanyl concentrations also strongly linked to higher odds of xylazine detection. In other words, xylazine doesn’t show up at random. It travels with the heaviest exposure to other substances.

Driving the Trend

Interestingly, while more people test positive for xylazine, the actual concentration found in positive samples has dropped. In eastern states like New York, median xylazine levels fell sharply after an early 2023 peak. Researchers think manufacturers and distributors may be adjusting how much xylazine they mix into fentanyl, whether in response to reports of severe skin wounds and prolonged sedation, or because new state laws and restrictions on veterinary xylazine supplies make it harder to source in bulk.

That’s a mixed signal for people who use drugs. More positive tests means more people are being exposed to xylazine somewhere in their supply, even if any individual dose tends to be smaller than it once was.

Fentanyl’s Role

Fentanyl remains the driver of the opioid crisis, and this study only counted samples where fentanyl was already present. Now, xylazine rides along inside a fentanyl supply that’s already dangerous. Since xylazine isn’t an opioid, naloxone doesn’t reverse its sedative effects, so more people testing positive for both drugs together matters for how overdoses get treated on the ground.

Researchers also flagged medetomidine, a chemically similar veterinary sedative. Medtomidine is starting to show up as a possible replacement for xylazine in some markets, but wasn’t part of this study’s testing panel. That means the true scope of veterinary sedatives mixed into the fentanyl supply right now may be larger than these numbers capture.

Harm Reduction and Treatment Works

People who use drugs have a practical takeaway. A fentanyl test strip might confirm fentanyl but says nothing about what else it contains. Xylazine-specific test strips exist and are increasingly available through harm reduction programs, though access still varies by state and city.

Naloxone remains essential and should be carried by anyone using opioids or spending time with someone who does. Since xylazine keeps a person sedated even after naloxone reverses the opioid component of an overdose, calling emergency services after administering naloxone matters more than ever when xylazine exposure is a possibility.

Medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), including methadone and buprenorphine, remains a first-line treatment option regardless of what adulterants are present in someone’s supply. 

Narcotics Anonymous meetings also offer ongoing peer support for people building a recovery plan around opioid use, whether or not they are using MOUD alongside it.

NA Still a Top Option

NA meetings remain a critical first step to recovery, from either fentanyl or any other substance. Meetings are free, confidential, and build fellowship that lasts a lifetime, through the good times and bad.

Getting started is easy. Just dial 800-934-1582(Sponsored) to speak with an expert about local opioid addiction treatment options. Or browse our directory to find chapters anywhere across the United States.

Federal drug agents say Interstate 25 remains a primary route for cartel-linked fentanyl trafficking through Wyoming, even as the state posts a significant drop in fentanyl overdose deaths compared with last year.

Fentanyl Seizures Already Exceed Last Year’s Total

Speaking in Cheyenne, U.S. Attorney Darin Smith and Drug Enforcement Administration officials said Wyoming has already seized nearly 6,000 fentanyl pills so far this year, surpassing the roughly 5,500 pills confiscated during all of 2025.

DEA Rocky Mountain Field Division Special Agent in Charge David Olesky said I-25, which connects Cheyenne, Casper, and Sheridan, remains a key transportation route for cartel-led trafficking organizations moving fentanyl, methamphetamine, cocaine and heroin through the state.

Federal officials said nearly all illicit fentanyl entering the country is manufactured by Mexico’s Sinaloa and Jalisco cartels using precursor chemicals shipped from China, then trafficked north through established smuggling corridors that reach states like Wyoming. Much of what circulates locally moves through distribution hubs in Denver and Salt Lake City before reaching Wyoming communities.

Overdose Deaths Are Down, but Risk Remains

Even with more fentanyl moving through the state, Wyoming recorded 54 opioid-involved fentanyl overdose deaths last year, down from 84 the year before, a decline of about 35 percent.

DEA laboratory testing now shows roughly three in every ten counterfeit pills seized nationwide contain a potentially lethal dose of fentanyl, down from about seven in ten in previous years.

Olesky cautioned that the improving trend does not mean people can let their guard down. “My number one advice to all is: don’t take a pill that doesn’t come directly from a licensed pharmacy and based on a prescription from your doctor,” he said.

Smith said Operation Take Back America has strengthened cooperation between local, state, and federal agencies to identify and prosecute drug traffickers operating in Wyoming, and that prosecutors intend to use every available resource to hold traffickers accountable, whether they are using the state’s highways, the mail, or stash houses to move narcotics.

Understanding Fentanyl and Naloxone

Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid up to 50 times stronger than heroin, and even a small miscalculation in dosage can cause a fatal overdose. Counterfeit pills made to look like prescription opioids or other drugs frequently contain fentanyl without the buyer’s knowledge, which is why federal officials continue to warn against taking any pill that did not come directly from a pharmacy with a valid prescription.

Naloxone, sold under brand names including Narcan, can reverse an opioid overdose within minutes when administered promptly and is available without a prescription in most states.

Fentanyl test strips, which can detect the presence of fentanyl in a substance before use, are another harm reduction tool that public health officials increasingly recommend alongside naloxone access.

Harm Reduction and Treatment for Opioid Addiction

Laramie County Sheriff Brian Kozak said his deputies have made 186 drug-related arrests so far this year and credited partnerships with the DEA and Wyoming Division of Criminal Investigation with helping connect people struggling with addiction to treatment programs when they are willing to seek help.

Whether someone is using fentanyl, heroin, or another opioid, medication-assisted treatment combined with peer support through Narcotics Anonymous meetings can significantly improve the odds of sustained recovery.

Finding Help for Opioid Addiction in Wyoming

Anyone in Wyoming struggling with opioid use can search Narcotics.com’s directory to find NA meetings to receive recovery support.

Naloxone distribution programs and fentanyl test strips are increasingly available through local harm reduction organizations across the state. Call 800-934-1582(Sponsored) for opioid addiction treatment options and referrals.

Physician prescribing practices, not just pharmaceutical marketing, played a critical role in fueling the nation’s opioid crisis, according to new research from the University of Notre Dame that adds important context to the ongoing opioid addiction epidemic.

The Opioid Crisis by the Numbers

Economists William Evans and Ethan Lieber, both from Notre Dame’s Department of Economics, analyzed National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data from 1980 through 2015 and found that opioid prescribing for chronic pain shifted dramatically after 1995.

Before that year, about 7 percent of patient visits for conditions likely to cause chronic pain resulted in an opioid prescription. By 2015, that figure had climbed to 25 percent.

The researchers’ modeling suggests opioid-related deaths in 2015 would have been roughly 43 percent lower had 1995 prescribing levels held steady.

The study, published in the Journal of Human Resources, also found that counties with higher rates of Social Security Disability Insurance enrollment, a marker of higher chronic pain burden in a population, experienced disproportionately severe drug poisoning crises.

What’s Driving the Change

The shift traces back to 1995, when medical experts released a statement encouraging wider use of opioids to treat chronic pain. Physicians responded by prescribing far more aggressively over the following two decades.

Much of the public conversation and opioid litigation in recent years has focused on pharmaceutical marketing, and the researchers say their findings show that prescribing decisions by physicians themselves were also a major factor, separate from advertising campaigns.

According to the CDC, roughly 860,000 people in the United States have died from an opioid overdose since 1999, including nearly 318,000 deaths linked specifically to prescription opioids.

In 2024, opioids were involved in 73.4 percent of drug overdose deaths, and illegally manufactured fentanyl accounted for 65.1 percent of those opioid deaths, reflecting how the crisis has shifted from prescription pills toward illicit fentanyl over time.

Understanding Opioids and Overdose Risk

Opioids include prescription medications like oxycodone and hydrocodone as well as illicit drugs like heroin and fentanyl. All opioids carry overdose risk, which increases sharply when they are combined with other substances or when tolerance drops after a period of abstinence, such as after detox or incarceration.

Naloxone, sold under brand names like Narcan, can reverse an opioid overdose in progress and is available without a prescription in most states.

Harm Reduction and Treatment for Opioid Addiction

Regardless of how someone became dependent on opioids, whether through a legitimate prescription that grew into dependence or through illicit use, medication-assisted treatment with methadone, buprenorphine, or naltrexone remains the most evidence-based path to recovery.

Naloxone access and fentanyl test strips can reduce overdose deaths in the meantime, and NA meetings offer peer support for people at any stage of recovery from opioid or other drug addiction.

Finding Help for Opioid Addiction

Anyone whose opioid use started with a legitimate prescription and grew into something harder to control is not alone, and this pattern is common enough that researchers can trace it in national prescribing data.

Narcotics.com’s meeting directory can help people find NA meetings for peer support, and treatment referral options are available for anyone ready to explore opioid use disorder treatment, including medication-assisted treatment.

A new study finds that prenatal opioid exposure has far less influence on a child’s school performance than previously believed, once researchers accounted for factors like school quality, family income, and a mother’s education level. 

For families affected by opioid use, this study is one of the more encouraging findings to come out of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) research in recent years.

The Study’s Findings

Every 25 minutes in the United States, a baby is diagnosed with NAS, a condition where infants exposed to opioids in the womb develop withdrawal symptoms after birth. Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine compared standardized test scores for 3,494 students in grades three through eight, 23% of whom had a history of NAS and 77% of whom didn’t, using an integrated data system from South Carolina that links health, education, and socioeconomic records over time.

After controlling for age, sex, and socioeconomic factors, the two groups performed similarly on English and language arts tests. In math, students with a history of NAS showed a small but statistically significant drop compared to the control group. Overall, both groups scored below the state average at every grade level.

“Historically, we’ve been quick to blame prenatal opioid exposure for poor academic achievement, but it appears that socio-environmental factors play a much larger role,” reported Dr. Tammy Corr, a corresponding author and associate professor of pediatrics at Penn State. Corr optimistically added, “There’s every reason to believe that these children can do well and thrive when given the right resources.”

Driving the Trend

More than 30% of the children in the study were born to a mother with less than a high school degree, and 85% were either uninsured or covered by Medicaid at birth. The researchers found these markers of socioeconomic status more strongly linked to academic performance than NAS history itself. Attending a lower-rated school, limited access to early childhood education, and participation in the WIC nutrition program all played a larger role in outcomes than opioid exposure alone.

In the study, children of non-Hispanic Black mothers scored a grade level lower than their non-Hispanic white counterparts. Test scores rose as maternal education levels increased. Researchers say the South Carolina data, while state-specific, reflects socioeconomic and environmental patterns similar to those seen in NAS studies elsewhere in the country.

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

NAS occurs when a baby exposed to opioids before birth experiences withdrawal after delivery, usually because of drugs the mother took during pregnancy. Earlier research had linked prenatal opioid exposure to increased risk of developmental, cognitive, and behavioral difficulties in early childhood, but this study tracks outcomes into the school years while accounting for the broader circumstances these children grow up in.

Researchers plan to build on the findings with interviews of parents and guardians of school-aged children with a history of NAS. They want to understand the day-to-day experiences that help or hinder academic success.

Harm Reduction & Treatment During Pregnancy

For pregnant people using opioids, medically supervised care, including medication-assisted treatment, remains the safest path for both parent and baby, by reducing the risks associated with unsupervised withdrawal. This study doesn’t change that guidance. 

Instead, it reinforces that a child’s long-term outcomes depend heavily on the support systems available after birth. Stable housing, early childhood education, nutrition assistance and the mother’s own access to continued care and recovery resources all play critical roles for a healthy future.

Starting with NA

If you’re pregnant or parenting and affected by opioid use, treatment programs exist that address both recovery and family stability.

The easiest step–and a free one–is to sign up with Narcotics Anonymous. NA meetings offer peer support at every stage of recovery, and case management services can help connect families to WIC, early childhood education, and other resources shown to matter for a child’s long-term success.

Getting started is simple. Call 800-934-1582(Sponsored) and speak with an expert or browse our directory to find NA chapters anywhere in the USA.

Pennsylvania is a national leader in prosecuting people who supply the drugs involved in a fatal overdose, and a new investigation shows the practice has led to hundreds of prison sentences even as families who have lost loved ones to opioid addiction remain deeply divided over whether it helps.

The Charge, Explained

The charge is known as drug delivery resulting in death, a felony punishable by up to 40 years in prison. It applies whenever someone illegally provides drugs, whether by selling or simply giving them, that cause a fatal overdose.

The statute does not distinguish between large-scale dealers, street-level sellers, or a fellow person who uses drugs and shared them with a friend.

Its modern use traces to a 2011 change in Pennsylvania law that removed a requirement to prove malice in these cases. Data from the Pennsylvania Commission on Sentencing, which historically captures data on about 95% to 98% of all cases from common pleas courts, shows the law was rarely used at first.

From 2007 through 2011, not a single person was convicted and sentenced on the charge. As Pennsylvania’s opioid crisis deepened, with more than 5,000 overdose deaths recorded in some years, prosecutors increasingly turned to the charge, and convictions reached a recent annual high of around 100 in 2019.

Why the Numbers by County Vary Widely

Prosecution rates differ significantly from county to county, and compared with the overall number of overdose deaths statewide, charges and convictions remain relatively uncommon.

Whether a case results in prosecution often depends on how local law enforcement approaches drug deaths and what resources are available to investigate them, rather than any single statewide standard.

Families Who Support the Charge

Some families who have lost a loved one to a fatal overdose have become advocates for using and even expanding these prosecutions. Cyndi Compton, whose 24-year-old son Isaiah died of an overdose in Tioga County in 2020, spent years pushing for accountability after learning the two-year statute of limitations had run out before a charge could be filed in his case.

Her advocacy helped fuel legislative proposals that would extend the statute of limitations from two years to five, or eliminate it altogether for these prosecutions. State Rep. Dane Watro, who backs extending the timeline, has said the current limit “has hampered the prosecution of various serious cases.”

Families Who Oppose It

Other families who have experienced the same loss have reached the opposite conclusion. Susan Ousterman, a national drug policy advocate whose son died of an overdose, said she briefly considered pursuing charges against the person who supplied the drugs before deciding against it.

“I knew that the person that gave him the drugs was no different than him,” she said. Ousterman and others have written to Pennsylvania’s governor raising concerns about criminalization as a response to the opioid crisis.

“Prosecuting drug-induced homicide cases does not deter supply, it pushes the drug market further underground, making substances even more unpredictable and deadly,” they wrote.

Advocacy groups including the Public Defender Association of Pennsylvania have also opposed expanding the law, arguing that these prosecutions frequently target family members, friends, or partners who may themselves have a narcotics addiction rather than large-scale traffickers.

State Rep. Emily Kinkead has raised similar concerns, telling reporters that unless lawmakers narrow the law’s scope to specifically target dealers and traffickers, extending the statute of limitations further would be “irresponsible and dangerous.”

What This Means for Families Affected by Opioid Addiction

Multiple proposals extending or eliminating the statute of limitations for these prosecutions remain pending in the Pennsylvania legislature.

Whatever the legal outcome, families dealing with a loved one’s opioid addiction or the aftermath of an overdose death face a genuinely contested question with strong arguments on both sides, and no single national consensus on which approach reduces future deaths.

Harm Reduction and Treatment Resources

Regardless of how the legal debate resolves, harm reduction tools remain a proven way to prevent overdose deaths in the first place. Naloxone can reverse an opioid overdose when used quickly, and fentanyl test strips can help people identify unexpectedly potent supply.

NA meetings offer peer support for people working toward recovery from opioid or other drug addiction, and medication-assisted treatment using methadone or buprenorphine is an evidence-based option for opioid use disorder. Find NA meetings near you or call 800-934-1582(Sponsored) for information on opioid addiction treatment options in your area.

Most fatal drug overdoses in Clark County, Nevada, happen behind closed doors, not on the street, according to new data from the Southern Nevada Health District. Even though Nevada features a wide range of inpatient care centers and local Narcotics Anonymous chapters for community members, the data shows that people still fall through the cracks. Now, the finding can reshape how public health officials think about opioid addiction and overdose prevention in the Las Vegas area.

The Opioid Crisis Around Las Vegas

“Inside residences, by far, that’s where most of the drug overdoses occur,” Brandon Delise, a senior epidemiologist with the Southern Nevada Health District, relayed. Delise observed a common misconception that most overdoses happen outdoors or in public spaces, but the data points the other way.

The findings come from a project the health district launched to understand why The Silver State has been slower than the rest of the country to bring down fatal overdoses. According to the health district’s advisory board, the United States has seen a 15.9% reduction in fatal drug overdoses, compared to just a 2.2% reduction in Nevada over the same period.

Clark County overdose deaths climbed sharply after 2020, when the county recorded 560 deaths. That number rose to 802 in 2024 before falling to 714 in 2025, the first decline in the current data. Delise reported some progress, but fatalities remain well above 2020 levels.

Driving the Trend

Delise identified fentanyl and methamphetamine as the two substances most responsible for Clark County’s overdose deaths. Deaths involving illicit fentanyl and other synthetic opioids rose from 193 in 2020 to 454 in 2024, before dropping to 421 in 2025. Methamphetamine-related deaths followed a similar arc, climbing from 250 in 2020 to 455 in 2024 and fell to 381 in 2025.

To understand these patterns better, the health district deployed a team in May 2026 to interview people at risk of overdosing and service providers directly. They wanted to understand drug use patterns, demographics and whether folks at risk knew about or had access to harm reduction supplies.

Delise also pointed to a lag effect that may help explain why Nevada trails the national trend. Shifts in the opioid supply that show up nationally often don’t reach Nevada until years later. The health district has observed this pattern repeatedly as new synthetic narcotics appear and the drug supply changes over time.

Harm Reduction & Treatment Options

The health district has leaned heavily on naloxone distribution as part of its response. Delise pointed out that Southern Nevada distributed more than 200,000 free doses of naloxone in 2025 alone. He credited the scale-up for bringing down the area’s overdose death rate.

Naloxone reverses the effects of an opioid overdose within minutes, but doesn’t treat the underlying opioid addiction that leads to repeated overdose risk. 

Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) options remain the most evidence-based approach for people with opioid use disorder. Clinicians often pair MAT with counseling and peer support such as NA meetings.

Because most fatal overdoses in Clark County happen inside homes, the health district’s data suggests that having naloxone on hand at home, and making sure family members or roommates know how to use it, may matter as much as public-facing distribution programs.

NA for Opioid Addictions in Las Vegas & Beyond

Despite federal funding cuts affecting other jurisdictions, the Southern Nevada Health District’s funding for overdose prevention has remained intact. This means cost shouldn’t be a barrier for Clark County residents seeking naloxone or information about treatment.

Anyone in Clark County concerned about their own opioid addiction or a loved one’s fentanyl use can attend their first NA meeting in Las Vegas and the surrounding area, as well as opioid treatment programs  that offer MAT and free harm reduction supplies.

No matter where you’re located, these options exist. Get started by calling 800-934-1582(Sponsored) for opioid addiction treatment options if you or someone you know needs help. Our browsable directory also features NA groups all across the United States, searchable by location.

New research helps explain two things people in recovery from opioid use disorder have reported for years. Quitting fentanyl feels different, and relapse and overdose risk after time away from the drug is far more dangerous than people expect. 

A UCLA-led study finds that people who use illicit fentanyl daily in Los Angeles can build a tolerance to amounts that’s lethal for someone without that tolerance. That tolerance isn’t permanent, but explains why relapse after a period of abstinence is so often fatal. It also shows why folks who use fentanyl daily often have trouble starting medication for opioid use disorders, or MAT.

The Research Findings

The study was led by Drug Checking Los Angeles, a community-based public health program. It’s one of many centers out in The Golden State, which offers an impressive range of programs from inpatient care to local Narcotics Anonymous chapters.

Researchers analyzed the purity of more than 500 fentanyl samples tested between September 2023 and January 2026, then surveyed 47 people who reported using fentanyl daily or near-daily about their consumption patterns. The findings describe this specific group of frequent users, not fentanyl users as a whole.

Using morphine milligram equivalents (MME), a standard unit that lets researchers compare opioids of different strengths, the team calculated that this group of daily users consumed an average of about 8,887 MME per day. For context, the CDC considers 2 milligrams of fentanyl potentially lethal for someone with no opioid tolerance. Daily users in the study consumed roughly 60x that amount each day. Due to the tolerance built up through sustained daily use, they didn’t overdose at that level. That tolerance, built gradually, is the entire reason they could survive doses that would kill someone without it.

Raising Overdose Risk After Relapse

This is the main point for anyone in or near recovery: tolerance built through daily fentanyl use isn’t lethal for the person who built it, but it’s also not permanent. Tolerance begins dropping within days of stopping, whether that break comes from detox, incarceration, hospitalization, or completing a treatment program. If someone relapses and returns to the amount they used before stopping, that same amount can now be fatal because their body lost the tolerance that once made it survivable. 

This is one of the best-documented and most dangerous patterns in opioid overdose deaths. The study’s data on just how extreme fentanyl tolerance can become shows why the drop after even a short break risks your life.

Complicating Treatment

The same tolerance pattern has direct implications for anyone trying to start MAT. Buprenorphine is an effective medications for treating opioid addiction but can trigger precipitated withdrawal, a sudden and severe withdrawal reaction, if it’s started too early or at too low a dose for someone with this level of built-up tolerance. Clinicians have increasingly moved toward faster, higher-dose buprenorphine induction protocols specifically because standard low-dose approaches didn’t account for tolerance levels like the ones documented in daily users in this study.

Chelsea Shover, the study’s senior author and an associate professor at UCLA, relayed even a less pure fentanyl supply in other regions would still produce dramatic tolerance levels among daily users. “It’s no longer ‘how do we treat someone who smokes a gram of fentanyl per day,’ it’s ‘how do we treat someone using thousands of MMEs of oral morphine in fentanyl per day,'” Shover noted.

Harm Reduction After Any Break From Use

Anyone who has stopped using fentanyl, for any reason and for any length of time, faces heightened overdose risk if they return to it. Naloxone can save a life by displacing opioids from receptors in the brain. But for someone whose tolerance has dropped, even a single dose is no longer strong enough. Using a smaller amount of drugs than before, avoiding using alone, and having naloxone on hand are basic protections during this specific window of risk.

Methadone remains available as an alternative for people who need a different approach than buprenorphine, particularly those for whom induction has been difficult. Both medications work, and neither is a lesser path than the other.

NA Meetings & Peer Support During Recovery

Starting treatment after daily fentanyl use and staying in recovery afterward is rarely accomplished alone. NA meetings can provide steady peer support both during a demanding induction period and in the vulnerable weeks after any break from use, when relapse overdose risk is highest. Meeting with others who understand this specific risk can make the difference between a slip and a fatal overdose.

If you or someone you love uses fentanyl daily, or is returning to use after any period of abstinence, seek out others who understand what you’re going through before the problem escalates. Remember that NA meetings are free and confidential, and the fellowship there offers peer support during withdrawal, induction, and the early weeks after any break from use.

Simply call 800-934-1582(Sponsored) to get started or browse our directory for chapters located anywhere in the USA.

The opioid crisis continues to leave a long trail, and some of the people carrying its weight are grandparents. As opioid addiction has pulled parents out of children’s lives through death or active substance use, older relatives have stepped in to raise the next generation. Now a handful of states plan to use opioid settlement funds to aid them.

About 300,000 grandparents across the United States are raising their grandchildren, a role that saves the child welfare system an estimated $10.5 billion a year. from 2011 to 2021, an estimated 321,500 kids in the U.S. lost at least one parent to a drug overdose. 

Overdose deaths remain widespread but the death toll has eased since 2023. Roughly 70,000 Americans died of drug overdoses in 2025, down 14% from the previous year. Nevertheless, behind each death is a victim and the family members left behind to fill a hole in their lives.

The Settlement Money

The money set aside to address opioid addiction comes from companies tied to the crisis. In 2022, the three largest pharmaceutical distributors, Cardinal, McKesson and AmerisourceBergen, along with manufacturer Johnson & Johnson, settled for $26 billion. 

In May 2026, Purdue Pharma and its owners, the Sackler family, settled for an additional $7.4 billion. States like Iowa are now deciding how to spend their shares, often through advisory boards that fund prevention, treatment, recovery and harm reduction.

States’ Responses

Advocates say grandfamilies have largely been left out of those spending decisions, and a few states are starting to change that. Some cities have spearheaded the effort. In Boston, officials are distributing up to $5,000 to families that lost a relative to opioid overdose.

Other states have broader programs. In the south, Alabama launched a pilot offering one-time grants up to $2,000, or $500 per grandchild, across 15 counties. Georgia’s share is $636 million over 18 years, and Illinois expects $1.4 billion by 2038, though neither state has a formal process to direct money to grandfamilies.

New Mexico exempts grandparents with legal custody from some childcare work requirements. Pennsylvania lawmakers introduced a bill to create a Grand-family Assistance Program Fund. 

Some programs are still in development. In Ohio, a coalition’s proposal to fund a family emergency fund was denied. However, advocates plan to press on to assist vulnerable community members and their families.

Opioids and Overcoming Overdose

Opioids include prescription painkillers and other narcotics, some of them illicitly manufactured. Fentanyl remains especially far more potent than other opioids, which is part of why overdoses can happen so fast. 

Naloxone, the reversal medication known as Narcan, can restore breathing during an opioid overdose and has no effect on someone without opioids in their system. Recognizing an overdose and carrying naloxone are simple life-saving steps for any family touched by opioid addiction.

Recovery looks different for different people. Options include medications for opioid use disorder, counseling, peer support, and mutual-aid groups such as Narcotics Anonymous. These paths can work together. 

For instance, family support also means caring for children who’ve lived through loss and instability. At times, loved ones need extra trauma-informed mental health care to cope with their losses.

Starting NA to Fight Opioid Addiction

If you or someone you love deals with opioid addiction, help is available.

One of the easiest steps is to sign up at your local Narcotics Anonymous chapter. These programs offer free and confidential fellowship, with specialized groups conducted online, in Spanish or other languages, or with those who share your background. 

Getting started consists of simply dialing 800-934-1582(Sponsored) to speak with an expert. Or, browse our directory to find a meeting anywhere in the United States.

A routine probation check in Southern California has again shown how counterfeit pills and fentanyl move through the illicit drug supply. Investigators in Ventura County uncovered about a pound of fentanyl and 85,000 counterfeit Adderall pills as part of a seizure officials valued at roughly $2.1 million. 

The news has caught many residents by surprise. Simi Valley enjoys a reputation for its safe suburbs. The Golden State offers many programs to help those impacted by substance misuse, including local Narcotics Anonymous chapters at the community level. But for families already affected by the opioid crisis, the case somberly reminds us that pills bought outside a pharmacy often aren’t what they look like.

The Seizure in SoCal

According to the Simi Valley Police Department, officers contacted two people during a probation check. When they arrived, the officers found roughly two kilograms of ketamine and about $8,000 in cash in a vehicle. 

Search warrants for a San Clemente home and several storage units followed. Investigators reported seizing 85,000 counterfeit Adderall pills, 25,000 ecstasy pills, about 30 pounds of ketamine, one pound of fentanyl, seven pounds of cocaine and 10 pounds of psilocybin and other hallucinogens. 

Authorities arrested two people. The investigation, now spanning three counties, remains active.

Counterfeit Pills are Dangerous

Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid, in which a very small amount is fatal. The counterfeit pills seized here matter because fake prescription tablets, sold as Adderall, oxycodone, or Xanax, are frequently pressed with fentanyl. A person may believe they’re taking a familiar prescription drug and have no way to know a pill contains a lethal dose. This is a central driver of overdose deaths across the country.

Harm Reduction & Treatment

Two tools save lives here. Naloxone, also sold as Narcan, can reverse an opioid overdose within minutes and is available without a prescription in most states. Fentanyl test strips let people check whether a substance contains fentanyl. Neither replaces treatment, but both keep people alive long enough to seek it. 

For opioid use disorder, medication-assisted treatment with buprenorphine or methadone is the standard of care and can be paired with counseling and peer support.

Finding a First Step to Defeat Opioid Addiction

Support is available whether someone wants treatment, peer community, or both. Narcotics Anonymous meetings offer free, judgment-free peer support and are held in person and online nationwide. 

Getting started with NA is easy. Simply browse our directory, organized by state and city. You can also dial 800-934-1582(Sponsored) to speak with an expert and connect with opioid treatment options. If an overdose is happening, call 911 immediately.

As Seattle co-hosts the FIFA World Cup 2026, federal officials are warning the hundreds of thousands of fans arriving in the city that the illicit drug supply they may encounter is more dangerous than they realize. The DEA’s Seattle Field Division has launched a fentanyl awareness campaign timed alongside the tournament to remind visitors and locals that the opioid crisis remains an ongoing threat across the U.S.

The warning comes at an opportune time. Washington has an impressive range of treatment services for residents of all backgrounds, including local Narcotics Anonymous chapters that dot the landscape. However, drugs remain a consistent scourge that visitors and tourists may not know about.

The DEA Warns Visitors

The DEA Seattle Field Division reported in June 2026 that street drugs like fentanyl play a role in roughly 200 deaths every day nationwide. Fentanyl overdoses remain the leading cause of death for Americans between the ages of 18 and 44. This synthetic opioid is frequently mixed into other illicit substances like methamphetamine and heroin. Manufacturers also press fentanyl into counterfeit pills made to look like real prescription medications such as oxycodone and hydrocodone.

The Special Agent in Charge for Seattle, Robert Saccone, noted that just two milligrams of fentanyl, an amount that fits on the tip of a pencil, can kill. Fentanyl has no smell or taste when mixed or pressed into pills, so people frequently don’t know they’ve taken it until it’s too late.

The Opioid Crisis in Seattle

The local numbers back up the warning. Seattle reported 191 confirmed fatal overdoses in King County through April 2026, following 914 fatal overdoses countywide in 2025. Fentanyl was involved in 78% of those deaths. A disproportionate number hits vulnerable communist hard, such as Native Americans. King County prosecutors have also filed dozens of felony drug-dealing charges tied to Seattle neighborhoods, with more than three-quarters of cases involving fentanyl and/or stimulants like methamphetamine.

In other cities such as Spokane and nationwide, the DEA says fentanyl has increasingly turned up blended with other synthetic substances such as xylazine and veterinary sedatives such as tranq that lack approved for human use. Together, these combos make an overdose harder to reverse.

Mixing Fentanyl and Football

Seattle is one of several U.S. World Cup host cities where the DEA has stepped up its “One Pill Can Kill” campaign, alongside cities like Houston and Dallas. Officials say large international events create an opportunity for drug dealers to target a huge influx of visitors. Many of these folks have no idea how dangerous the U.S. illicit drug supply has become. The campaign includes billboards, a public service announcement and outreach at fan events. Any pill not obtained from a licensed pharmacy could contain a lethal dose of fentanyl.

The campaign urges everyone to know the signs of an overdose. Symptoms include slowed or stopped breathing, blue-tinged lips or fingertips and unresponsiveness. When dealers combine fentanyl with sedatives like xylazine, standard overdose reversal may not be enough, and the victim might need multiple doses of naloxone or additional emergency care.

Harm Reduction Works

Naloxone is sold under the brand name Narcan and remains the frontline tool in Washington for reversing an opioid overdose The DEA urges visitors and residents alike to carry and know how to use it. Since fentanyl combinations are harder to reverse, calling 911 immediately during any suspected overdose is critical even after you’ve given naloxone.

People living with opioid use disorder can also employ medication-assisted treatment with methadone or buprenorphine. Controlled prescriptions remain the most evidence-supported path to reducing cravings and withdrawal. 

Peer support through Narcotics Anonymous can complement medical treatment for people who want that additional structure.

Starting with NA

NA meetings have helped millions across the country find peer support in recovery and fellowship that lasts a lifetime. Meetings have no cost to attend and have no stigma attached. Online and virtual meetings can also help those who have trouble attending in person.

Call 800-934-1582(Sponsored) to speak with a specialist to get started or browse our directory for local chapters in any neighborhood across the country.